Maths

Common mistakes in vector paths

3 mistakes learners make with vector paths, each one named and explained.

All common mistakes

Travel back along an arrow and its vector changes sign.

A side of the shape given for a different vector

What it looks like

b minus a is offered where the vector to a point inside or along the diagonal was wanted.

Why it happens

b minus a is the expression this topic produces most often, so it becomes the default answer.

A worked example

Question. OM, where M is the midpoint of AB

A common answer. b - a

The answer. (1/2)(a + b)

Why. b - a is the vector AB itself, which runs along the side, not from O.

Put the two side by side

AB: b - a, from A to B.
OM: half of a + b, from the origin.

Say where the vector starts and where it ends. That decides which letters appear.

An arrow travelled the wrong way without a sign change

What it looks like

AB is given as a + b, with the direction along OA never reversed.

Why it happens

Adding along a path is the right idea, and only the direction of the first leg is wrong.

A worked example

Question. AB, where OA = a and OB = b

A common answer. a + b

The answer. b - a

Why. Going from A to B means travelling backwards along a first, which makes it minus a.

Put the two side by side

Along the arrow: + a.
Against the arrow: - a.

Trace the journey with a finger. Every leg you travel backwards gets a minus sign.

The half left out of a midpoint

What it looks like

The midpoint of AB is given as a + b rather than half of it.

Why it happens

Getting to a + b is the substantial step and it looks like a finished expression.

A worked example

Question. M is the midpoint of AB, OA = a, OB = b

A common answer. a + b

The answer. (1/2)(a + b)

Why. a + b would take you past B altogether, not to the middle.

Put the two side by side

a + b: the far corner of the parallelogram.
Half of a + b: the middle of the diagonal.

A midpoint is always an average, and an average always divides.

WAJD spots these patterns in your child's answers and names the one behind their wrong answers, instead of just marking them wrong.

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