Maths

Common mistakes in angles on lines and at a point

5 mistakes learners make with angles on lines and at a point, each one named and explained.

All common mistakes

Angles on a straight line make 180, and angles round a point make 360.

Subtracted from 360 instead of 180

What it looks like

An angle on a straight line is worked out as 360 minus the one you were given.

Why it happens

360 is the number attached most firmly to angles, and both rules are learned together.

A worked example

Question. Angles on a straight line, one of them 117 degrees

A common answer. 360 - 117 = 243

The answer. 180 - 117 = 63

Why. A straight line is half a turn, so it is 180.

Put the two side by side

Round a point: 360.
On a straight line: 180.

Draw the line. Half a turn cannot be bigger than a whole one, and 243 is more than half of 360.

Subtracted from 90 instead of 180

What it looks like

An angle on a straight line, or a pair of co-interior angles, is worked out from 90.

Why it happens

The right angle is the most familiar angle fact and 90 is the number that comes first.

A worked example

Question. Angles on a straight line, one of them 65 degrees

A common answer. 90 - 65 = 25

The answer. 180 - 65 = 115

Why. The two angles sit along a straight line, not inside a right angle.

Put the two side by side

Complementary angles add to 90.
Angles on a line add to 180.

Look at the picture. If the two angles together make a straight line, the total is 180.

The angle doubled

What it looks like

An angle is given as twice the one in the question.

Why it happens

Two lines crossing make two pairs of angles, and doubling feels like accounting for both.

A worked example

Question. x is vertically opposite 74 degrees

A common answer. 2 x 74 = 148

The answer. 74

Why. There are two angles of 74 degrees, but each of them is still 74.

Put the two side by side

Two angles of 74 degrees exist.
Each one measures 74.

How many of an angle there are never changes how big each one is.

The right rule, the wrong subtraction

What it looks like

The correct rule is used and the subtraction itself comes out wrong.

Why it happens

Subtracting from 180 across a column boundary is where most of these go astray.

A worked example

Question. 180 - 117

A common answer. 73

The answer. 63

Why. 180 minus 117: 180 minus 100 is 80, minus another 17 is 63.

Put the two side by side

Guessing the subtraction: 73.
Splitting it into steps: 63.

Break the subtraction into round numbers first. It removes the column carry entirely.

Vertically opposite angles subtracted from 180

What it looks like

An angle vertically opposite 74 degrees is given as 106.

Why it happens

The neighbouring angle really is 106, and both facts come from the same crossing lines.

A worked example

Question. x is vertically opposite 74 degrees

A common answer. 180 - 74 = 106

The answer. 74

Why. Vertically opposite angles are equal, with no calculation at all.

Put the two side by side

Next to it, along the line: 180 - 74 = 106.
Directly opposite, across the crossing: 74.

Vertically opposite means across the X. Those two are always equal.

WAJD spots these patterns in your child's answers and names the one behind their wrong answers, instead of just marking them wrong.

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