Reasoning and 11 Plus

Common mistakes in time problems

3 mistakes learners make with time problems, each one named and explained.

All common mistakes

Time runs in sixties, so never treat minutes as decimals.

Minutes treated as decimals

What it looks like

Times are added or subtracted as if there were a hundred minutes in an hour.

Why it happens

Every other calculation at school works in tens, and a clock is the one place that does not.

A worked example

Question. 09:45 plus 2 hours 35 minutes

A common answer. 11:80

The answer. 12:20

Why. 80 minutes is more than an hour, so it becomes 1 hour and 20 minutes.

Put the two side by side

Adding as decimals: 11:80, which is not a time.
Adding in sixties: 12:20.

If your minutes go past 59, carry an hour. A time with 80 minutes in it is never right.

The hours counted wrongly

What it looks like

The number of whole hours between two times is one out.

Why it happens

Counting hours across the boundary where the minutes decrease is where this goes wrong.

A worked example

Question. 14:35 to 16:50

A common answer. 3 hours 15 minutes

The answer. 2 hours 15 minutes

Why. From 14:35 to 16:35 is two hours, and then 15 minutes more.

Put the two side by side

14:35 to 16:35: two hours.
Then to 16:50: fifteen minutes.

Jump whole hours first and finish with the minutes. Never do both at once.

The minutes rounded away

What it looks like

An answer is given to the nearest hour when the minutes were asked for.

Why it happens

The hour is the part that feels significant and the minutes look like detail.

A worked example

Question. 09:45 plus 2 hours 35 minutes

A common answer. 12:00

The answer. 12:20

Why. The 35 minutes has to be added exactly, not rounded.

Put the two side by side

Rounded: 12:00.
Exact: 12:20.

Times are exact unless the question says about or roughly.

WAJD spots these patterns in your child's answers and names the one behind their wrong answers, instead of just marking them wrong.

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