English

Common mistakes in word classes

3 mistakes learners make with word classes, each one named and explained.

All common mistakes

A word's class is the job it is doing in this sentence, not a label it carries around.

A content word offered where a joining word was asked for

What it looks like

Asked which word is a conjunction, quickly or happy or ran is chosen.

Why it happens

The words that carry the meaning are the ones the eye lands on, and the small joining words are read straight past.

A worked example

Question. I wanted to go swimming, but it was raining.

A common answer. swimming

The answer. but

Why. But is the word doing the joining, even though it carries none of the meaning.

Put the two side by side

Conjunctions: and, but, so, because, although.
Adverbs, adjectives and verbs: quickly, happy, ran.

A conjunction joins. Cover it and the sentence falls into two pieces.

An adverb identified as an adjective

What it looks like

In 'she spoke very quietly', quietly is called an adjective.

Why it happens

Both are describing words, and adjective is the describing word most people can name.

A worked example

Question. She spoke very quietly.

A common answer. quietly is an adjective

The answer. quietly is an adverb

Why. It is describing how she spoke, and spoke is a verb.

Put the two side by side

A quiet room: quiet describes the room, a noun, so adjective.
She spoke quietly: quietly describes the speaking, a verb, so adverb.

Ask what the word is describing. A thing means adjective; an action means adverb.

The right word family in the wrong form

What it looks like

The trick was so astonish, where astonishing is needed.

Why it happens

The family carries the meaning, so any member of it sounds nearly right.

A worked example

Question. The trick was so blank that the audience gasped: astonish, astonishing or astonishment?

A common answer. Astonishment

The answer. Astonishing

Why. After so the sentence needs a describing word. Astonishing is the adjective; astonishment is the noun and astonish is the verb.

Put the two side by side

Astonishment names a feeling.
Astonishing describes the trick.

Work out what job the gap does in the sentence, then pick the family member built for that job.

WAJD spots these patterns in your child's answers and names the one behind their wrong answers, instead of just marking them wrong.

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